Comparison of core advantages of vacuum furnaces and other heat treatment equipment
As advanced heat treatment equipment, vacuum furnaces are significantly superior to traditional equipment in terms of performance, efficiency and application scenarios by virtue of vacuum environment and precise control technology:
1. Anti-oxidation and surface quality advantages
Vacuum furnaces isolate oxygen to prevent oxidation and decarburization of workpieces, achieve bright heat treatment, and achieve surface accuracy of Ra0.8μm or less, without secondary processing. Ordinary resistance furnaces and salt bath furnaces are prone to oxidation and peeling of workpiece surfaces, requiring additional grinding processes.
2. Material performance optimization capability
Vacuum environment can eliminate hydrogen embrittlement in metals, improve material plasticity, toughness and fatigue strength, and the hardness uniformity error after quenching is ≤2HRC. In contrast, it is difficult to accurately control the gas composition of traditional atmosphere furnaces, which can easily cause volatilization losses of alloy elements.
Using high-efficiency insulation materials and intelligent temperature control, vacuum furnaces reduce energy consumption by 30%-50% compared with traditional equipment, and there is no exhaust gas emission. For example, vacuum quenching reduces waste salt treatment costs by more than 90% compared with salt bath quenching, which is in line with the trend of green manufacturing.
4. Process compatibility and flexibility
Supports all processes such as quenching, annealing, carburizing, and sintering. The working vacuum is as low as 1.33×10⁻³Pa, and can process sensitive materials such as titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys. However, tube furnaces and box furnaces are limited by their structure and are only suitable for single atmosphere or small sample processing.
Applicable scenarios: high-end manufacturing (aerospace, semiconductors), precision parts (gears, bearings) and new material research and development, especially suitable for fields with strict requirements on surface quality and mechanical properties.
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